<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head></head><body><p><anchor-end xmlns="urn:x-suika-fam-cx:markup:suikawiki:0:9:" a0:anchor="10" xmlns:a0="urn:x-suika-fam-cx:markup:suikawiki:0:9:">[10]</anchor-end> <dfn><anchor xmlns="urn:x-suika-fam-cx:markup:suikawiki:0:9:">PEM</anchor></dfn> は、<anchor xmlns="urn:x-suika-fam-cx:markup:suikawiki:0:9:">インターネット</anchor>の<anchor xmlns="urn:x-suika-fam-cx:markup:suikawiki:0:9:">電子メール</anchor>の<anchor xmlns="urn:x-suika-fam-cx:markup:suikawiki:0:9:">暗号化</anchor>や<anchor xmlns="urn:x-suika-fam-cx:markup:suikawiki:0:9:">署名</anchor>についての仕様でした。
<anchor xmlns="urn:x-suika-fam-cx:markup:suikawiki:0:9:">PEM</anchor> は失敗に終わり現在では使われていませんが、要素技術の幾つかは現在でも使われています。</p><section><h1>プロトコル</h1><p><anchor-end xmlns="urn:x-suika-fam-cx:markup:suikawiki:0:9:" a0:anchor="17" xmlns:a0="urn:x-suika-fam-cx:markup:suikawiki:0:9:">[17]</anchor-end> 「外側」の <anchor xmlns="urn:x-suika-fam-cx:markup:suikawiki:0:9:">RFC 822</anchor> <anchor xmlns="urn:x-suika-fam-cx:markup:suikawiki:0:9:">メッセージ</anchor>に、<anchor xmlns="urn:x-suika-fam-cx:markup:suikawiki:0:9:">暗号化</anchor>や<anchor xmlns="urn:x-suika-fam-cx:markup:suikawiki:0:9:">署名</anchor>が適用されたデータを含む
「内側」の<anchor xmlns="urn:x-suika-fam-cx:markup:suikawiki:0:9:">メッセージ</anchor>を埋め込む形になっています。この埋め込み方法は <anchor xmlns="urn:x-suika-fam-cx:markup:suikawiki:0:9:">RFC 934</anchor>
に沿ったものです。</p><p><anchor-end xmlns="urn:x-suika-fam-cx:markup:suikawiki:0:9:" a0:anchor="19" xmlns:a0="urn:x-suika-fam-cx:markup:suikawiki:0:9:">[19]</anchor-end> 「内側」も<anchor xmlns="urn:x-suika-fam-cx:markup:suikawiki:0:9:">ヘッダー</anchor>と<anchor xmlns="urn:x-suika-fam-cx:markup:suikawiki:0:9:">本体</anchor>に分かれています。</p><p><anchor-end xmlns="urn:x-suika-fam-cx:markup:suikawiki:0:9:" a0:anchor="20" xmlns:a0="urn:x-suika-fam-cx:markup:suikawiki:0:9:">[20]</anchor-end> <anchor xmlns="urn:x-suika-fam-cx:markup:suikawiki:0:9:">本体</anchor>のバイナリーデータの符号化方式は、後に <anchor xmlns="urn:x-suika-fam-cx:markup:suikawiki:0:9:">Base64</anchor> と呼ばれることになるものです。</p><p><anchor-end xmlns="urn:x-suika-fam-cx:markup:suikawiki:0:9:" a0:anchor="16" xmlns:a0="urn:x-suika-fam-cx:markup:suikawiki:0:9:">[16]</anchor-end> 次の項目も参照。</p><figure class="short list"><ul><li><code><anchor xmlns="urn:x-suika-fam-cx:markup:suikawiki:0:9:">.pem</anchor></code></li><li><anchor xmlns="urn:x-suika-fam-cx:markup:suikawiki:0:9:">Base64</anchor></li><li><code class="MIME" xml:lang="en"><anchor xmlns="urn:x-suika-fam-cx:markup:suikawiki:0:9:">text/*</anchor></code> の<anchor xmlns="urn:x-suika-fam-cx:markup:suikawiki:0:9:">正準形</anchor></li></ul></figure></section><section><h1>歴史</h1><section><h1>第1世代</h1><refs xmlns="urn:x-suika-fam-cx:markup:suikawiki:0:9:"><ul xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><li><anchor-end xmlns="urn:x-suika-fam-cx:markup:suikawiki:0:9:" a0:anchor="3" xmlns:a0="urn:x-suika-fam-cx:markup:suikawiki:0:9:">[3]</anchor-end> <cite xml:lang="en">RFC 989 - Privacy enhancement for Internet electronic mail: Part I: Message encipherment and authentication procedures</cite>
( (<time>2014-08-11 06:19:13 +09:00</time> 版))
<anchor-external xmlns="urn:x-suika-fam-cx:markup:suikawiki:0:9:" a0:resScheme="URI" xmlns:a0="urn:x-suika-fam-cx:markup:suikawiki:0:9:" a0:resParameter="https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc989">https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc989</anchor-external></li></ul></refs></section><section><h1>第2世代</h1><refs xmlns="urn:x-suika-fam-cx:markup:suikawiki:0:9:"><ul xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><li><anchor-end xmlns="urn:x-suika-fam-cx:markup:suikawiki:0:9:" a0:anchor="12" xmlns:a0="urn:x-suika-fam-cx:markup:suikawiki:0:9:">[12]</anchor-end> <cite xml:lang="en">RFC 1040 - Privacy enhancement for Internet electronic mail: Part I: Message encipherment and authentication procedures</cite> (<time>2015-04-05 20:06:45 +09:00</time> 版) <anchor-external xmlns="urn:x-suika-fam-cx:markup:suikawiki:0:9:" a0:resScheme="URI" xmlns:a0="urn:x-suika-fam-cx:markup:suikawiki:0:9:" a0:resParameter="https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc1040">https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc1040</anchor-external></li></ul></refs></section><section><h1>第3世代</h1><refs xmlns="urn:x-suika-fam-cx:markup:suikawiki:0:9:"><ul xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><li><anchor-end xmlns="urn:x-suika-fam-cx:markup:suikawiki:0:9:" a0:anchor="15" xmlns:a0="urn:x-suika-fam-cx:markup:suikawiki:0:9:">[15]</anchor-end> <cite xml:lang="en">RFC 1113 - Privacy enhancement for Internet electronic mail: Part I - message encipherment and authentication procedures</cite> (<time>2015-03-22 21:14:51 +09:00</time> 版) <anchor-external xmlns="urn:x-suika-fam-cx:markup:suikawiki:0:9:" a0:resScheme="URI" xmlns:a0="urn:x-suika-fam-cx:markup:suikawiki:0:9:" a0:resParameter="https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc1113">https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc1113</anchor-external></li><li><anchor-end xmlns="urn:x-suika-fam-cx:markup:suikawiki:0:9:" a0:anchor="13" xmlns:a0="urn:x-suika-fam-cx:markup:suikawiki:0:9:">[13]</anchor-end> <cite xml:lang="en">RFC 1114 - Privacy enhancement for Internet electronic mail: Part II - certificate-based key management</cite> (<time>2015-04-05 20:30:42 +09:00</time> 版) <anchor-external xmlns="urn:x-suika-fam-cx:markup:suikawiki:0:9:" a0:resScheme="URI" xmlns:a0="urn:x-suika-fam-cx:markup:suikawiki:0:9:" a0:resParameter="https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc1114">https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc1114</anchor-external></li><li><anchor-end xmlns="urn:x-suika-fam-cx:markup:suikawiki:0:9:" a0:anchor="14" xmlns:a0="urn:x-suika-fam-cx:markup:suikawiki:0:9:">[14]</anchor-end> <cite xml:lang="en">RFC 1115 - Privacy enhancement for Internet electronic mail: Part III - algorithms, modes, and identifiers</cite> (<time>2015-03-08 18:36:20 +09:00</time> 版) <anchor-external xmlns="urn:x-suika-fam-cx:markup:suikawiki:0:9:" a0:resScheme="URI" xmlns:a0="urn:x-suika-fam-cx:markup:suikawiki:0:9:" a0:resParameter="https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc1115">https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc1115</anchor-external></li></ul></refs><p><anchor-end xmlns="urn:x-suika-fam-cx:markup:suikawiki:0:9:" a0:anchor="22" xmlns:a0="urn:x-suika-fam-cx:markup:suikawiki:0:9:">[22]</anchor-end> <anchor xmlns="urn:x-suika-fam-cx:markup:suikawiki:0:9:">RFC 1154</anchor> には <anchor xmlns="urn:x-suika-fam-cx:markup:suikawiki:0:9:">RFC 1113</anchor>, <anchor xmlns="urn:x-suika-fam-cx:markup:suikawiki:0:9:">RFC 1114</anchor>, <anchor xmlns="urn:x-suika-fam-cx:markup:suikawiki:0:9:">RFC 1115</anchor>
の更新を提案するものだとかよくわからんことが書いてありました。
<sw-see xmlns="urn:x-suika-fam-cx:markup:suikawiki:0:9:"> <anchor>RFC 1154</anchor> </sw-see></p></section><section><h1>第4世代</h1><refs xmlns="urn:x-suika-fam-cx:markup:suikawiki:0:9:"><ul xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><li><anchor-end xmlns="urn:x-suika-fam-cx:markup:suikawiki:0:9:" a0:anchor="6" xmlns:a0="urn:x-suika-fam-cx:markup:suikawiki:0:9:">[6]</anchor-end> <cite xml:lang="en">RFC 1421 - Privacy Enhancement for Internet Electronic Mail: Part I: Message Encryption and Authentication Procedures</cite>
(<time>2015-02-22 14:28:36 +09:00</time> 版)
<anchor-external xmlns="urn:x-suika-fam-cx:markup:suikawiki:0:9:" a0:resScheme="URI" xmlns:a0="urn:x-suika-fam-cx:markup:suikawiki:0:9:" a0:resParameter="https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc1421">https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc1421</anchor-external></li><li><anchor-end xmlns="urn:x-suika-fam-cx:markup:suikawiki:0:9:" a0:anchor="7" xmlns:a0="urn:x-suika-fam-cx:markup:suikawiki:0:9:">[7]</anchor-end> <cite xml:lang="en">RFC 1422 - Privacy Enhancement for Internet Electronic Mail: Part II: Certificate-Based Key Management</cite>
(<time>2015-02-02 12:14:32 +09:00</time> 版)
<anchor-external xmlns="urn:x-suika-fam-cx:markup:suikawiki:0:9:" a0:resScheme="URI" xmlns:a0="urn:x-suika-fam-cx:markup:suikawiki:0:9:" a0:resParameter="https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc1422">https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc1422</anchor-external></li><li><anchor-end xmlns="urn:x-suika-fam-cx:markup:suikawiki:0:9:" a0:anchor="8" xmlns:a0="urn:x-suika-fam-cx:markup:suikawiki:0:9:">[8]</anchor-end> <cite xml:lang="en">RFC 1423 - Privacy Enhancement for Internet Electronic Mail: Part III: Algorithms, Modes, and Identifiers</cite>
(<time>2015-01-18 14:22:53 +09:00</time> 版)
<anchor-external xmlns="urn:x-suika-fam-cx:markup:suikawiki:0:9:" a0:resScheme="URI" xmlns:a0="urn:x-suika-fam-cx:markup:suikawiki:0:9:" a0:resParameter="https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc1423">https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc1423</anchor-external></li><li><anchor-end xmlns="urn:x-suika-fam-cx:markup:suikawiki:0:9:" a0:anchor="9" xmlns:a0="urn:x-suika-fam-cx:markup:suikawiki:0:9:">[9]</anchor-end> <cite xml:lang="en">RFC 1424 - Privacy Enhancement for Internet Electronic Mail: Part IV: Key Certification and Related Services</cite>
(<time>2015-02-02 14:11:33 +09:00</time> 版)
<anchor-external xmlns="urn:x-suika-fam-cx:markup:suikawiki:0:9:" a0:resScheme="URI" xmlns:a0="urn:x-suika-fam-cx:markup:suikawiki:0:9:" a0:resParameter="https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc1424">https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc1424</anchor-external></li></ul></refs></section><section><h1>HTTP への組み込み</h1><p><anchor-end xmlns="urn:x-suika-fam-cx:markup:suikawiki:0:9:" a0:anchor="18" xmlns:a0="urn:x-suika-fam-cx:markup:suikawiki:0:9:">[18]</anchor-end> <anchor xmlns="urn:x-suika-fam-cx:markup:suikawiki:0:9:">HTTP</anchor> での利用も提案されていました。
<anchor xmlns="urn:x-suika-fam-cx:markup:suikawiki:0:9:">HTTP</anchor> <code>auth-scheme</code> <dfn><code>PEM</code></dfn> が使われていました。</p><p><anchor-end xmlns="urn:x-suika-fam-cx:markup:suikawiki:0:9:" a0:anchor="2" xmlns:a0="urn:x-suika-fam-cx:markup:suikawiki:0:9:">[2]</anchor-end> <cite>NCSA httpd/Mosaic: Using PGP/PEM auth</cite>
( (<time>2014-04-07 07:16:32 +09:00</time> 版))
<anchor-external xmlns="urn:x-suika-fam-cx:markup:suikawiki:0:9:" a0:resScheme="URI" xmlns:a0="urn:x-suika-fam-cx:markup:suikawiki:0:9:" a0:resParameter="http://www.meb.uni-bonn.de/docs/PEMPGP.html#protocol">http://www.meb.uni-bonn.de/docs/PEMPGP.html#protocol</anchor-external></p><refs xmlns="urn:x-suika-fam-cx:markup:suikawiki:0:9:"><ul xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><li><anchor-end xmlns="urn:x-suika-fam-cx:markup:suikawiki:0:9:" a0:anchor="4" xmlns:a0="urn:x-suika-fam-cx:markup:suikawiki:0:9:">[4]</anchor-end> <cite>Request Headers in the HTTP protocol</cite> (<time>2001-11-29 20:01:38 +09:00</time> 版) <anchor-external xmlns="urn:x-suika-fam-cx:markup:suikawiki:0:9:" a0:resScheme="URI" xmlns:a0="urn:x-suika-fam-cx:markup:suikawiki:0:9:" a0:resParameter="http://www.w3.org/Protocols/HTTP/HTRQ_Headers.html#z9">http://www.w3.org/Protocols/HTTP/HTRQ_Headers.html#z9</anchor-external></li></ul></refs><p><anchor-end xmlns="urn:x-suika-fam-cx:markup:suikawiki:0:9:" a0:anchor="5" xmlns:a0="urn:x-suika-fam-cx:markup:suikawiki:0:9:">[5]</anchor-end> <anchor-internal xmlns="urn:x-suika-fam-cx:markup:suikawiki:0:9:" a0:anchor="4" xmlns:a0="urn:x-suika-fam-cx:markup:suikawiki:0:9:">&gt;&gt;4</anchor-internal> のリンク先はおそらく <anchor-internal xmlns="urn:x-suika-fam-cx:markup:suikawiki:0:9:" a0:anchor="2" xmlns:a0="urn:x-suika-fam-cx:markup:suikawiki:0:9:">&gt;&gt;2</anchor-internal> (のオリジナル) と思われます。</p></section><section><h1>その後</h1><p><anchor-end xmlns="urn:x-suika-fam-cx:markup:suikawiki:0:9:" a0:anchor="1" xmlns:a0="urn:x-suika-fam-cx:markup:suikawiki:0:9:">[1]</anchor-end>
PEM っていまだに <anchor xmlns="urn:x-suika-fam-cx:markup:suikawiki:0:9:">IETF</anchor> <anchor xmlns="urn:x-suika-fam-cx:markup:suikawiki:0:9:">Proposed Standard</anchor> だったのか。
<anchor xmlns="urn:x-suika-fam-cx:markup:suikawiki:0:9:">MIME</anchor> のときに PEM の失敗を認めたのではなかったの?
(<anchor xmlns="urn:x-suika-fam-cx:markup:suikawiki:0:9:">名無しさん</anchor> <weak xmlns="urn:x-suika-fam-cx:markup:suikawiki:0:9:">2004-07-12 08:42:19 +00:00</weak>)</p></section></section><section><h1>関連</h1><p><anchor-end xmlns="urn:x-suika-fam-cx:markup:suikawiki:0:9:" a0:anchor="11" xmlns:a0="urn:x-suika-fam-cx:markup:suikawiki:0:9:">[11]</anchor-end> <anchor xmlns="urn:x-suika-fam-cx:markup:suikawiki:0:9:">電子メール</anchor>へのデータの埋め込み方式は <anchor xmlns="urn:x-suika-fam-cx:markup:suikawiki:0:9:">MIME</anchor> および <anchor xmlns="urn:x-suika-fam-cx:markup:suikawiki:0:9:">Base64</anchor> へ、
<anchor xmlns="urn:x-suika-fam-cx:markup:suikawiki:0:9:">電子メール</anchor>における<anchor xmlns="urn:x-suika-fam-cx:markup:suikawiki:0:9:">署名</anchor>や<anchor xmlns="urn:x-suika-fam-cx:markup:suikawiki:0:9:">暗号化</anchor>は <anchor xmlns="urn:x-suika-fam-cx:markup:suikawiki:0:9:">S/MIME</anchor> へ、
<anchor xmlns="urn:x-suika-fam-cx:markup:suikawiki:0:9:">証明書</anchor>の取り扱いは <anchor xmlns="urn:x-suika-fam-cx:markup:suikawiki:0:9:">PKIX</anchor> へと引き継がれています。</p><p><anchor-end xmlns="urn:x-suika-fam-cx:markup:suikawiki:0:9:" a0:anchor="21" xmlns:a0="urn:x-suika-fam-cx:markup:suikawiki:0:9:">[21]</anchor-end> <cite xml:lang="en">RFC 1113 - Privacy enhancement for Internet electronic mail: Part I - message encipherment and authentication procedures</cite>
(<time>2015-03-22 21:14:51 +09:00</time> 版)
<anchor-external xmlns="urn:x-suika-fam-cx:markup:suikawiki:0:9:" a0:resScheme="URI" xmlns:a0="urn:x-suika-fam-cx:markup:suikawiki:0:9:" a0:resParameter="http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc1113#section-4.3">http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc1113#section-4.3</anchor-external></p><p><anchor-end xmlns="urn:x-suika-fam-cx:markup:suikawiki:0:9:" a0:anchor="23" xmlns:a0="urn:x-suika-fam-cx:markup:suikawiki:0:9:">[23]</anchor-end> <cite xml:lang="ja">A Guide to the Internet Connection Servers - SG244805.PDF</cite>, <time>2009-11-28T06:54:29.000Z</time>, <time>2024-08-18T13:40:05.391Z</time> <anchor-external xmlns="urn:x-suika-fam-cx:markup:suikawiki:0:9:" a0:resScheme="URI" xmlns:a0="urn:x-suika-fam-cx:markup:suikawiki:0:9:" a0:resParameter="http://ps-2.kev009.com/rs6000/redbook-cd/SG244805.PDF#page=147">http://ps-2.kev009.com/rs6000/redbook-cd/SG244805.PDF#page=147</anchor-external></p><p><anchor-end xmlns="urn:x-suika-fam-cx:markup:suikawiki:0:9:" a0:anchor="24" xmlns:a0="urn:x-suika-fam-cx:markup:suikawiki:0:9:">[24]</anchor-end> 
<anchor-internal xmlns="urn:x-suika-fam-cx:markup:suikawiki:0:9:" a0:anchor="23" xmlns:a0="urn:x-suika-fam-cx:markup:suikawiki:0:9:">&gt;&gt;23</anchor-internal> <anchor xmlns="urn:x-suika-fam-cx:markup:suikawiki:0:9:">証明書</anchor>発行って当初はほんとに <anchor xmlns="urn:x-suika-fam-cx:markup:suikawiki:0:9:">PEM</anchor> でやり取りしてたの!?</p><p><anchor-end xmlns="urn:x-suika-fam-cx:markup:suikawiki:0:9:" a0:anchor="25" xmlns:a0="urn:x-suika-fam-cx:markup:suikawiki:0:9:">[25]</anchor-end> 
いやこれほんとの <anchor xmlns="urn:x-suika-fam-cx:markup:suikawiki:0:9:">PEM</anchor> なのかわからんけどどうなんでしょ?</p></section></body></html>