[6]

MathMLMathematical Markup Language は、数式を記述するためのマーク付け言語です。

歴史

[7] 小史 Web で数式を扱う方法は、1990年代前半から模索されてきました。 1995年には HTML 3.0 仕様案に数式を記述するための語彙が盛り込まれましたが、仕様自体が完成せずに放棄されてしまいました。 1996年には W3C に HTML Math Editorial Review Board (後の Math Working Group) が設けられました。

当初 HTML の拡張として検討されていた数式用語彙は、 XML 応用として1998年4月についに完成しました (MathMLMathematical Markup Language 1.0 W3C 勧告)。

1999年7月には、 MathMLMathematical Markup Language 1.01 が W3C 勧告になりました。この仕様書は MathMLMathematical Markup Language 1.0 仕様書に正誤表等を反映したもので、今なら SESecond Edition と呼ばれるであろうものです。

2001年2月には、技術的な変更が含まれる新版、 MathMLMathematical Markup Language 2.0 が W3C 勧告になりました。

2003年10月には、正誤表等を反映した SESecond Edition が W3C 勧告になりました。

[26] 2010年10月には、MathML 3.0 が W3C 勧告になりました。

[8] 仕様書

[114] Mathematical Markup Language (MathML), 1997-05-15T22:04:30.000Z, 2024-09-23T06:14:42.717Z https://www.w3.org/TR/WD-math-970515/
- [115] 最初の公開版
- [116] Math Markup Language (Chapter 1), 1997-05-15T22:05:46.000Z, 2024-09-23T06:15:41.033Z https://www.w3.org/TR/WD-math-970515/section1.html
[113] Mathematical Markup Language (MathML), 2017-10-02T11:00:56.000Z, 2024-09-23T06:14:33.254Z https://www.w3.org/TR/WD-math-970710/
[112] Mathematical Markup Language (MathML), 2017-10-02T10:48:08.000Z, 2024-09-23T06:14:18.680Z https://www.w3.org/TR/WD-math-980106/
[111] Mathematical Markup Language (MathML), 2017-10-02T11:00:19.000Z, 2024-09-23T06:13:43.393Z https://www.w3.org/TR/1998/PR-math-19980224/

Mathematical Markup Language (MathML) (~~W3C 勧告~~) http://www.w3.org/TR/1998/REC-MathML-19980407/
Mathematical Markup Language (MathML) 1.01 Specification http://www.w3.org/1999/07/REC-MathML-19990707/ (W3C 勧告)
Mathematical Markup Language (MathML) Version 2.0 http://www.w3.org/TR/2001/REC-MathML2-20010221/ (~~W3C 勧告~~)
Mathematical Markup Language (MathML) Version 2.0 (Second Edition) (W3C 勧告) http://www.w3.org/TR/2003/REC-MathML2-20031021/
Mathematical Markup Language (MathML) Version 3.0 (W3C 勧告) http://www.w3.org/TR/2010/REC-MathML3-20101021/

[117] 最初は HTML 3.2 の拡張を想定していましたが、難しいとわかり XML ベースの単独の言語とされました。 >>116

[118] MathML1 時代の WG 名が W3C HTML-Math Working Group だったことも、当初の予定を表しています。

MathML DOM

書きかけ

00年代

[1] MathML 日本語情報 (washitake.com) http://washitake.com/MathML/

[2] Forgotten Factory..MathML覚え書 http://www.maxcoffee.ath.cx/~ff/ko/mathml/index.html

[3] itex2MML でお手軽に数式を書く。 : torus solutions! http://www.torus.jp/memo/x200405/mathml.itex.html

[4] MathMLマニュアル http://toshichan.be.fukui-nct.ac.jp/tsujino/mathml/index.htm

[5] mathmled http://www.newmexico.mackichan.com/MathML/mathmled.htm

[13] Can Kestrels do Math? MathML support in Opera Kestrel - Opera Developer Community (2007-09-29 12:48:24 +09:00 版) http://dev.opera.com/articles/view/can-kestrels-do-math-mathml-support-in/ (名無しさん)

[14] A blog? with Σαιτω - Dev.Opera (2007-09-29 02:48:27 +09:00 版) http://d.hatena.ne.jp/saiton/20070927/1190895800

[17] SVG in MathML in ... | Musings (2008-03-09 10:44:28 +09:00 版) http://golem.ph.utexas.edu/~distler/blog/archives/001475.html (名無しさん)

[18] mas 日記 - mas's web page (mas 著, 2006-07-16 02:36:03 +09:00 版) http://masyos.sakura.ne.jp/diary/200307c.html#d30_t1 (名無しさん)

[19] Dirac: Quantisation (2008-05-09 17:14:56 +09:00 版) http://dirac.sourceforge.net/documentation/algorithm/algorithm/quantisation.xht

[22] MathML Goals – WebKit (2010-06-16 07:26:28 +09:00 版) https://trac.webkit.org/wiki/MathML%20Goals

MathML 2.0

[110] EBKS から参照されている。

[119] XHTML + MathML

MathML 3.0

[46] Mathematical Markup Language (MathML) Version 3.0 http://www.w3.org/TR/2010/REC-MathML3-20101021/

[47] Mathematical Markup Language (MathML) Version 3.0 (2007-04-27 15:07:45 +09:00 版) http://www.w3.org/TR/2007/WD-MathML3-20070427/ (名無しさん 2007-04-29 02:42:58 +00:00)

[48] A MathML for CSS profile (2007-04-27 15:06:36 +09:00 版) http://www.w3.org/TR/2007/WD-mathml-for-css-20070427/ (名無しさん 2007-04-29 02:44:03 +00:00)

[49] A blog? with Σαιτω - MathML と CSS (2007-10-06 16:23:49 +09:00 版) http://d.hatena.ne.jp/saiton/20070929/1191042902

[50] Mathematical Markup Language (MathML) Version 3.0 (2007-10-06 05:36:14 +09:00 版) http://www.w3.org/TR/2007/WD-MathML3-20071005/

[51] Mathematical Markup Language (MathML) Version 3.0 (2007-12-14 23:18:42 +09:00 版) http://www.w3.org/TR/2007/WD-MathML3-20071214/

[52] Mathematical Markup Language (MathML) Version 3.0 (2008-04-10 03:03:24 +09:00 版) http://www.w3.org/TR/2008/WD-MathML3-20080409/

[53] Mathematical Markup Language (MathML) Version 3.0 (2008-11-13 05:45:48 +09:00 版) http://www.w3.org/TR/2008/WD-MathML3-20081117/

[54] Mathematical Markup Language (MathML) Version 3.0 (2009-09-24 02:05:29 +09:00 版) http://www.w3.org/TR/2009/WD-MathML3-20090924/

[55] Mathematical Markup Language (MathML) Version 3.0 (2009-12-15 07:40:06 +09:00 版) http://www.w3.org/TR/2009/CR-MathML3-20091215/

[56] Mathematical Markup Language (MathML) Version 3.0 (2010-06-10 21:35:26 +09:00 版) http://www.w3.org/TR/2010/WD-MathML3-20100610/

[57] Mathematical Markup Language (MathML) Version 3.0 ( (2010-10-22 03:29:30 +09:00 版)) http://www.w3.org/TR/2010/REC-MathML3-20101021/

HTML5

[23] IRC logs: freenode / #whatwg / 20100609 (2010-06-26 00:01:11 +09:00 版) http://krijnhoetmer.nl/irc-logs/whatwg/20100609

[24] IRC logs: freenode / #whatwg / 20100615 (2010-06-27 13:23:25 +09:00 版) http://krijnhoetmer.nl/irc-logs/whatwg/20100615#l-283

[27] MathML Compliance ( (2000-12-20 23:36:02 +09:00 版)) http://www.w3.org/Math/iandi/compliance

[28] Ink Markup Language (InkML) ( (2011-09-20 17:16:49 +09:00 版)) http://www.w3.org/TR/2011/REC-InkML-20110920/#MathMLMappings

[29] IRC logs: freenode / #whatwg / 20120410 ( (2012-04-15 14:54:25 +09:00 版)) http://krijnhoetmer.nl/irc-logs/whatwg/20120410#l-334

[30] IRC logs: freenode / #whatwg / 20120524 ( (2012-06-02 23:29:34 +09:00 版)) http://krijnhoetmer.nl/irc-logs/whatwg/20120524

[31] MathML - WHATWG Wiki ( (2012-05-31 19:17:53 +09:00 版)) http://wiki.whatwg.org/wiki/MathML

MathML 3.0 第2版

[32] Mathematical Markup Language (MathML) Version 3.0 2nd Edition -- single page HTML + MathML Version ( (2012-05-28 07:53:29 +09:00 版)) http://www.w3.org/Math/draft-spec/mathml.html

[36] Mathematical Markup Language (MathML) Version 3.0 2nd Edition -- single page HTML + MathML Version ( (2013-12-14 23:13:58 +09:00 版)) http://www.w3.org/Math/draft-spec/mathml.html

[37] MathML 1 "interface attributes" in MathML3. ( (David Carlisle 著, 2013-07-07 03:43:19 +09:00 版)) http://lists.w3.org/Archives/Public/www-math/2013Jul/0000.html

[38] Mathematical Markup Language (MathML) Version 3.0 2nd Edition -- single page HTML + MathML Version ( (2014-02-11 05:02:04 +09:00 版)) http://www.w3.org/TR/2014/PER-MathML3-20140211/mathml.html

[59] Mathematical Markup Language (MathML) Version 3.0 2nd Edition -- single page HTML + MathML Version ( (2014-02-10 20:00:21 +09:00 版)) http://www.w3.org/Math/draft-spec/mathml.html

[60] 第2版は HTML5 について全編にわたって加筆修正されている他、細部の変更が色々と加えられているようです。

[58] 3.1 や 4.0 ではなく第2版 PER でOKなあたり、 W3C Process は摩訶不思議なものですが、 XML 1.0 5e くらいの非互換変更が通るくらいですから、 MathML 程度の変更は W3C Process 的には変更のうちにも入らないのでしょう。

[62] Mathematical Markup Language (MathML) Version 3.0 2nd Edition -- single page HTML + MathML Version ( (2014-04-10 07:39:31 +09:00 版)) http://www.w3.org/TR/2014/REC-MathML3-20140410/mathml.html

[63] MathML 3.0 Becomes ISO/IEC International Standard | W3C News ( (2015-06-25 08:34:14 +09:00 版)) http://www.w3.org/blog/news/archives/4770?pk_campaign=feed&pk_kwd=mathml-3-0-becomes-isoiec-international-standard

[64] W3C MathML 3.0 approved as an ISO/IEC International Standard ( (2015-06-24 04:33:18 +09:00 版)) http://www.w3.org/2015/06/mathmlpas.html.en

[65] Errata for MathML3 (2015-04-03 23:42:44 +09:00 版) https://www.w3.org/Math/Documents/mathml3-errata.html

Blink からの削除

[33] Issue 152430 - chromium - Enabling support for MathML - An open-source browser project to help move the web forward. - Google Project Hosting ( (2013-03-02 12:10:18 +09:00 版)) https://code.google.com/p/chromium/issues/detail?id=152430

[34] Issue 152430 - chromium - Enabling support for MathML - An open-source project to help move the web forward. - Google Project Hosting ( (2013-11-02 21:24:42 +09:00 版)) https://code.google.com/p/chromium/issues/detail?id=152430

[35] We should drop MathML - Google グループ ( (2013-11-02 21:31:17 +09:00 版)) https://groups.google.com/forum/#!msg/mozilla.dev.platform/96dZw1jXTvM/hkNn65-Spf4J

メモ

[39] OMDoc には MathML を埋め込むことができます。

[40] Alex's blog: MathML accessibility APIs ( (2014-08-10 12:40:28 +09:00 版)) http://asurkov.blogspot.jp/2013/10/mathml-accessibility-apis.html

[41] 916419 – Expose MathML as a hierarchical accessible tree ( (2014-08-12 07:21:26 +09:00 版)) https://bugzilla.mozilla.org/show_bug.cgi?id=916419

[42] Mathematical Markup Language (MathML) Version 3.0 3rd Edition ( (2014-07-03 17:52:53 +09:00 版)) http://www.w3.org/Math/draft-spec/

[43] OASIS Open Document Format for Office Applications (OpenDocument) Version 1.2 - Part 1: OpenDocument Schema ( (2011-09-29 13:00:00 +09:00 版)) http://docs.oasis-open.org/office/v1.2/os/OpenDocument-v1.2-os-part1.html#refTable3

[11]

W3C Math Working Group (2015-03-13 22:11:55 +09:00 版) http://www.w3.org/Math/

MathML is a low-level specification for mathematical and scientific content on the Web and beyond.

[12] W3C MathML Validator (2001-07-06 22:04:38 +09:00 版) http://www.w3.org/Math/validator/

[15]

Math Activity Statement (2015-06-04 18:30:23 +09:00 版) http://www.w3.org/Math/Activity

W3C submitted the MathML 3 Recommendation to ISO and the specification is currently in ballot. It is expected to become an ISO standard in 2015.

[16]

Math Working Group: Charter (2014-08-14 22:26:12 +09:00 版) http://www.w3.org/Math/Documents/Charter2006.html

This Working Group commences in March 2006 and is scheduled to terminate in March 2016. [Duration extended in March 2012, again in March 2013 and again in March 2014.]

[20]

fred-wang/mathml.css (2015-08-11 16:54:20 +09:00 版) https://github.com/fred-wang/mathml.css

This mathml.css stylesheet is a simplified version of the MathML for CSS Profile without CSS table rules that had only been implemented in Presto and using new CSS3 selectors and flexboxes. We know from Opera's experience that relying exclusively on a fixed set of CSS rules to do math layout is not reasonable. This stylesheet is only intended to provide some fallback to browsers without MathML support in order to make basic mathematical constructions readable, without claim of rendering quality.

[107] >>20 残念ながら縦書き数式には未対応。 (MathML 自体が想定していないから、仕方ないのかな...) 例えば縦書き中で mfrac を使うと右下の変なところに分数の線が引かれてしまいます。 2020-11-14T03:33:44.700Z

[21] Authoring MathML - MathML | MDN (2015-01-31 02:29:19 +09:00 版) https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/MathML/Authoring#noMathML

[25] The WebKit Open Source Project - MathML (2015-11-15 01:26:03 +09:00 版) http://www.webkit.org/projects/mathml/

[44] Math Working Group (2016-02-29 14:11:15 +09:00 版) https://www.w3.org/Math/wiki/Main_Page

[45] www-math@w3.org Mail Archives (2016-02-24 05:14:07 +09:00 版) https://lists.w3.org/Archives/Public/www-math/

[68] Add MathML and SVG to dependencies and cross-reference their elements · whatwg/html@c35ad72 (2016-03-24 15:29:49 +09:00 版) https://github.com/whatwg/html/commit/c35ad7267634f640e8e22b615893b78d6252998e

[69] Getting Math onto Web Pages Community Group (2016-04-14 11:26:54 +09:00 版) https://www.w3.org/community/mathonwebpages/

[74] public-mathonwebpages@w3.org Mail Archives (2016-08-02 06:57:15 +09:00) https://lists.w3.org/Archives/Public/public-mathonwebpages/

[75] w3c/mathonwebpages: Repository for the W3C "Math on the Web" Community Group (2016-08-03 20:49:44 +09:00) https://github.com/w3c/mathonwebpages

[76] W3C Getting Math Onto Webpages Community Group (2016-05-23 19:33:43 +09:00) https://w3c.github.io/mathonwebpages/

[77] Recent MathML Improvements in WebKit (Frédéric Wang著, 2016-07-21 14:44:50 +09:00) https://lists.w3.org/Archives/Public/www-math/2016Jul/0002.html

[78] [MathML4] Deprecation/Removal of the mfenced element (Frédéric WANG著, 2016-07-26 01:01:42 +09:00) https://lists.w3.org/Archives/Public/www-math/2016Jul/0004.html

[79] Improvements in MathML Rendering | WebKit (2016-08-03 01:25:44 +09:00) https://webkit.org/blog/6803/improvements-in-mathml-rendering/

[80] MathML/Fonts – WebKit (2016-08-03 22:08:52 +09:00) https://trac.webkit.org/wiki/MathML/Fonts

[81] MathML in HTML5 - Implementation Note (2016-06-20 21:32:14 +09:00) http://www.mathml-association.org/MathMLinHTML5/

[82] MathML/MathMLinHTML5: Draft for a detailed technical document to implement MathML in Web rendering engines. (2016-08-03 22:14:02 +09:00) https://github.com/MathML/MathMLinHTML5

[83] [mediaqueries] MathML (Florian Rivoal著, 2016-10-03 11:47:01 +09:00) https://lists.w3.org/Archives/Public/www-style/2016Oct/0004.html

[84] Re: [mediaqueries] MathML (Manuel Rego Casasnovas著, 2016-10-04 19:45:22 +09:00) https://lists.w3.org/Archives/Public/www-style/2016Oct/0025.html

[85] Obsoleting some specifications (chaals@yandex-team.ru著, 2017-04-26 11:32:27 +09:00) https://lists.w3.org/Archives/Public/www-tag/2017Apr/0010.html

[86] 6606 - Missing MathML implementation - chromium - Monorail (2018-02-22 01:26:47 +09:00) https://bugs.chromium.org/p/chromium/issues/detail?id=6606

[87] Web Engines Hackfest 2016 – make everything intensely (2018-02-22 01:29:44 +09:00) https://blogs.igalia.com/jfernandez/2016/10/09/web-engines-hackfest-2016/

[67] MathML in Chromium (Igalia著, 2018-06-17 22:55:03 +09:00) https://mathml.igalia.com/

[88] 152430 - Enabling support for MathML - chromium - Monorail (2018-06-17 23:18:44 +09:00) https://bugs.chromium.org/p/chromium/issues/detail?id=152430

[89] 6606 - Missing MathML implementation - chromium - Monorail (2018-06-17 23:19:14 +09:00) https://bugs.chromium.org/p/chromium/issues/detail?id=6606

[91] please mark old mathML specs superseded · Issue #2 · w3ctag/obsoletion (2018-07-28 19:17:43 +09:00) https://github.com/w3ctag/obsoletion/issues/2

[92] MathML – Welcome to the Windows developer feedback site! (2018-10-13 19:35:12 +09:00) https://wpdev.uservoice.com/forums/257854-microsoft-edge-developer/suggestions/6508572-mathml

[93] 大人気 MathML なのに Google と Microsoft の腰は重いなあ。幸か不幸か MathJax のせいで MathML コンテンツが増えないのもあるのかなー。

[94] MathML Core (2019-06-16 01:03:43 +09:00) https://mathml-refresh.github.io/mathml-core/

[95] Mathematical Markup Language (MathML) Version 4.0 (2019-03-08 09:41:08 +09:00) https://mathml-refresh.github.io/mathml/

[96] mathml-refresh/mathml: MathML4 editors draft (pre W3C) (2019-06-16 18:40:23 +09:00) https://github.com/mathml-refresh/mathml/

[97] Mathematical Markup Language (MathML) Version 4.0 (2019-04-08 06:17:42 +09:00) https://w3c.github.io/mathml/

[98] Mathematical Markup Language (MathML) Version 3.0 3rd Edition -- single page HTML + MathML Version (2015-04-03 23:51:27 +09:00) https://www.w3.org/Math/draft-spec/mathml.html

[99] mathml-refresh/mathml-core: MathML Core draft (2019-06-16 18:44:45 +09:00) https://github.com/mathml-refresh/mathml-core

[100] mathml-refresh/mathml-schema: Generated Schema for MathML4 drafts (2019-06-16 18:45:23 +09:00) https://github.com/mathml-refresh/mathml-schema

[101] Decide the name of the spec and rename everywhere · Issue #4 · mathml-refresh/mathml-core (2019-06-16 18:46:08 +09:00) https://github.com/mathml-refresh/mathml-core/issues/4

[102] Google グループ (2019-06-16 18:50:05 +09:00) https://groups.google.com/forum/#!msg/mozilla.dev.tech.mathml/_T597837K08/e_NI5-j55aYJ

[103] Units in MathML (2017-10-02 19:26:42 +09:00) https://www.w3.org/TR/mathml-units/

[104] Remove tooling suggestions for SVG and MathML (annevk著, 2019-10-02 21:04:10 +09:00) https://github.com/whatwg/html/commit/876f1b7d7c4d2e94c26a50a502986035a781f648

[105] Ink Markup Language (InkML) (2018-10-09 22:24:24 +09:00) https://www.w3.org/TR/2011/REC-InkML-20110920/#mappingElement

[106] JATS

[120] MathML Core, 2024-09-17T19:47:50.000Z, 2024-10-29T09:09:49.262Z https://w3c.github.io/mathml-core/

[121]

HTML要素概説

出典

[122] MathML3: Mathematical Markup Language (MathML) Version 3.0, W3C Recommendation 21 October 20102010-10-21, 2017-10-02T10:40:58.000Z, 2024-10-29T09:41:29.556Z https://www.w3.org/TR/2010/REC-MathML3-20101021/
[123] MathMLCore: MathML Core, W3C Editor's Draft 17 September 20242024-09-17, 2024-09-17T19:47:50.000Z, 2024-10-29T09:48:12.794Z https://w3c.github.io/mathml-core/
[124] MathML: Mathematical Markup Language (MathML) Version 4.0, W3C Editor's Draft 28 October 20242024-10-28, 2024-10-28T22:31:12.000Z, 2024-10-29T09:49:05.239Z https://w3c.github.io/mathml/spec.html

注釈

MathML Mathematical Markup Language。数式用のマーク付け言語。 HTML3 の数式機能として開発が始まったが、方針を転換して独立した XML応用となった。その後 HTML5 によって HTML文書で使えるようになった。本書では MathML 3.0, MathML 4.0, MathML Core にあるかを示した。 >>122 >>123 >>124 更に、構文解析器で特別な挙動が定められたものには「HTML構文解析器」と示した。 HTML

[125] MathML数式組版入門 - mathml-guide.pdf, 2020-02-19T11:46:08.000Z, 2025-07-05T10:48:55.304Z https://www.antenna.co.jp/AHF/ahf_publication/MathML/1.1/mathml-guide.pdf

仕様書

機能

表現マークと内容マーク, CSS との関係

数学記号と文字実体参照

HTML に MathML を埋め込む

文脈

処理

実装

歴史